A New Personalized Efficacy Atlas for Pallidal Deep Brain Stimulation

Neurostimulation is to implant implants electrodes into deep brain structures to treat drug-resistant motor disorder in Parkinson's disease. Unfortunately, it remains challenging to find the optimal electrode implanted and activated location at deep anatomical regions and achieve the optimal surgical function or performance on patients. This paper proposes to create a novel personalized efficacy atlas that warps functional scales and estimates activation volume by modeling electric field to characterize the link between electrode location and neurosurgical performance. We used a population of 32 globus pallidus stimulated patient data to construct such an atlas. The experimental results demonstrate that modeling electric field centered at actually electrode implanted positions outperforms Gaussian kernel modeling to predict activation volume for functional atlas creation. In particular, our new atlas provides an automatic and accurate electrode implantation method with a guidance accuracy 1.26 mm, which is better than other approaches. Additionally, two phases of the functional scales obtained from 3 and 6 months after neurostimulation were compared to create the new atlas. The 6-month phase gives a better efficacy map.